The Apache helicopter is both the most lethal and survivable multi-mission helicopter in the world -- a workhorse for the United States with a growing list of international users.

The Apache, a twin-engine, four-blade attack helicopter with tailwheel-type landing gear and tandem cockpit for a crew of two, has seen action in every major American and NATO conflict since it was first used in combat in 1989 during the US invasion of Panama.

It is equipped with a 30mm M230 cannon, a single barrel electrically driven chain gun that fires high explosive dual purpose or high explosive incendiary (HEI) ammunition.

Further, the Apache possesses four hard points that can mount AGM-114 Hellfire missiles, a family of 45.4kg air-to-ground missiles with high-explosive anti-tank capabilities for armored targets and blast fragmentation for "soft" targets.

The hard points can also carry two Hydra 70 rocket pods with fin-stabilized unguided air-to-surface aerial rockets that can be equipped with both unitary and cargo warheads for use against point and area targets.

Decades of upgrades

The two most advanced versions widely used are the AH-64D Longbow and the AH-64E Guardian.

Major upgrades to the latest version of the Apache helicopter, the AH-64E Guardian, make it the most advanced attack helicopter in the world.

The modernized Apache comes with software updates that enhance capabilities and improve the pilot interface.

The updated Link 16 capability improves communications. Link 16 at its core is a communication system for transmitting and exchanging real time tactical data among the US military, NATO and other allies.

It provides a secure, jam-resistant, high-speed digital data link that operates at radio and microwave frequencies and allows the Apache to communicate in real time with other assets, such as Aegis destroyers and High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems (HIMARS) multiple rocket launchers.

Another key upgrade is the Guardian's open systems interface for its mission computing and systems that allows for a Modular Open System Approach (MOSA) for faster integration of new technologies and capabilities.

Global choice

As of March 2024, more than 5,000 AH-64 aircraft have been delivered to the US Army and 18 international partners and allies.

The Netherlands and the United Kingdom were the first two international customers for the Apache in the 1990s.

Over the last 30 years, many other nations joined in choosing the Apache, including Egypt, Greece, Israel, Japan, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Singapore and the United Arab Emirates.

More than 1,280 Apache aircraft are in operation, according to its manufacturer, accumulating over five million flight hours -- including more than 1.3 million hours in active combat.