The Ohio-class guided-missile submarines (SSGNs) are among the most versatile and powerful platforms in the US Navy.

Designed as ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs) for nuclear deterrence, they were converted between 2002 and 2008 to deliver conventional strike capability and special operations support.

This transformation created a unique blend of stealth, firepower and adaptability for modern warfare.

Role and capabilities

There are four Ohio-class SSGNs: USS Ohio, USS Michigan, USS Florida and USS Georgia.

Each submarine carries up to 154 Tomahawk cruise missiles housed in 22 converted Trident missile tubes, giving them unmatched conventional strike capability.

These missiles have a range exceeding 1,500 miles, enabling precision strikes from distant waters, as hitting targets in the Caspian Sea from the Arabian Sea.

Beyond firepower, SSGNs support special operations forces with two missile tubes repurposed for equipment storage and unmanned vehicles.

They accommodate up to 66 special operators and deploy them using a dry dock shelter and SEAL Delivery Vehicle, ensuring stealthy insertion into hostile environments.

Advanced sensors and communications systems allow these submarines to conduct intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance missions while coordinating complex operations.

Their ability to remain submerged for extended periods enhances survivability and ensures persistent presence in contested regions.

These submarines also provide critical flexibility for commanders who require rapid strike options without exposing surface vessels to enemy detection.

Operational impact and deterrence

Ohio-class SSGNs have played a critical role in recent US military operations and strategic messaging.

In 2011, USS Florida launched more than 90 Tomahawk missiles during Operation Odyssey Dawn, marking the first combat use of Tomahawks from a guided-missile submarine.

In 2024, USS Florida participated in large-scale strikes against Houthi targets in the Red Sea.

And in 2025, an SSGN likely USS Georgia fired Tomahawks during a major strike on Iranian nuclear facilities, overwhelming enemy defenses ahead of bomber attacks.

These submarines also carry Mark 48 torpedoes for self-defense, launched from four 21-inch tubes.

The torpedo travels at 63 mph, carries a 647-pound warhead and can reach depths beyond 1,200 feet.

With a submerged speed of 20 knots and unmatched versatility, Ohio-class SSGNs remain a cornerstone of US naval power.

The Ohio-class is also capable of executing precision strikes, supporting special operations and projecting deterrence worldwide.

Their combination of stealth and overwhelming firepower ensures they remain a decisive asset in any future conflict scenario.